Supreme Court Grants Habeas Corpus to Detainees at GTMO
By a 5 to 4 vote that brought strongly worded and remorseful dissents from the Court’s conservative justices, the majority held that an alternative procedure designed by the Administration and Congress was inadequate to insure that the detainees “receive their day in court”. While all Supreme Court cases are necessarily historic - as they become part of history and the law of our country - this case will undoubtedly be ranked among those like Dredd Scott or Brown or Roe in the implications it had on society as a whole - particularly in how Administrations going forward will be able to fight the Global War on Terrorism. The Court’s deeply divided ruling should give us pause - this was not something that the most learned judicial scholars could readily agree upon - and it shows the deep divisions between those who would favor “protecting” America from attacks at the expense of judicial process, versus those who would “prosecute” offenders and attempt to use primarily criminal law enforcement mechanisms to assign personal culpability. In the end, Justice Kennedy and his four colleagues believe that habeas corpus applied to detainees - marching us closer to judicial review of all unlawful enemy combatant captures by US forces.
“The laws and Constitution are designed to survive, and remain in force, in extraordinary times,” Justice Anthony M. Kennedy wrote. “Liberty and security can be reconciled; and in our system they are reconciled within the framework of the law.”
Justice Antonin Scalia took the unusual step of summarizing his dissent from the bench, calling the court’s decision a “self-invited . . . incursion into military affairs,” and was even stronger in a written dissent joined by Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. and Justices Clarence Thomas and Samuel A. Alito Jr.
“America is at war with radical Islamists,” Scalia wrote, adding that the decision “will almost certainly cause more Americans to be killed.”
Sen. John McCain today forcefully sided with President Bush in condemning the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision:
“We made it very clear these are enemy combatants,” he told more than 1,000 supporters at a town hall meeting here, echoing the president’s criticism of the court decision. “They have not, and never have been, given the rights of citizens of this country.”
“We are going to be bollixed up in a way that’s terribly unfortunate,” he said. “Our first obligation is the safety and security of this nation and the men and women who defend it. This decision will harm our ability to do that.”
Agreed. The question truly is - what now? How will we fight the GWOT if ultimately long-term detention of detainees requires a judicial determination? It’s not impossible to get around - but it fundamentally changes how we will fight the GWOT - and it will, in my opinion, end administrative detention of enemy combatants and it will be the end of Guantanamo.
I must say - I’m not truly surprised. I’m a bit dismayed - but I’m not surprised. The Court answered a question that has vexed me since I first started on this issue in 2004. As one senior US official put to me in a meeting in 2005 “How can we convince Americans that detainees should be held, when we ourselves are unwilling to put them before a Court and prove what we already know?”
Justice Scalia is right - this is an incursion, and probably an ill-considered one. However, the frustration of the majority was palpable - the Administration bears considerable responsibility that in the 7 years since GTMO opened - it never did find a suitable solution to resolve the fundamental tension about “putting them before a Court and proving what we already know.” Justice Kennedy’s decision seems to read in many ways to me as being one of “we gave you three whacks at the apple and you didn’t take the hint.”
The effects of this case will undoubtedly be far reaching. There will be many more questions for Justice Kennedy and his colleagues to answer. I say from experience - policy making on detainees is hard. Very hard.
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As I wrote here, McCain could win the election on this issue alone. All he has to do is say that if he is elected, he will ignore this Supreme Court decision.
Sweating Through Fogs last blog post..Go for it, John!
Fog:
I appreciate your blog posting… I understand your position. For my readers, I want to excerpt your post:
You suggest that Sen. McCain make the following statement (and I presume follow through on it if elected):
I will say, however, that as Republican, McCain supporter, and American Citizen - I would fully support the impeachment of a “President McCain” if he was to accept your advice and refuse to enforce the Supreme Court’s decision if elected President. No President of the United States can take such an act lawfully and decide his will is superior to that of our Government.
You fundamentally misunderstand the concepts of three co-equal branches of government, the role that Supreme Court plays in our government. The founding Fathers intentionally created a tripartite system of government - in equal contention with each other. For the executive branch to declare federal supremacy over the others would destroy the constitutional basis or our Republic. It would be the “end” of our Republic.
Also - this whole notion of “activist judges” and how its used by our party disgusts me. When Republicans get a decision they like - they call it good judicial policy. When they get one they don’t - they call it judicial activism. The reality of the research done on federal decisions is that Republican or Democrat appointed - judges follow the law. The concept of stare decisis is well applied. Long and short of it is - few judges are truly ‘activist’ with the majority of those decisions being corrected upon appeal.
What if - as many Republicans want - the fundamental basis for the decision Roe v. Wade is overturned by this Court. It’s likely to happen at some point. What if, John McCain, doesn’t win the Presidency, and a “President Obama” decides,
I don’t know you all that well - but hopefully now you can see the fallacy and the lunacy of just allowing Presidents to decide what they’re going to do absent our governmental checks. Everything sounds grand and dandy when you’re in charge - and things get pretty ugly when you’re not. Hence, why we have a system of laws, and not men.
I realize that this decision concerns many Americans. I am not all that concerned that the decision will result in the high value detainee being “let go” because of a habeas claim. The reality is that most federal prisoners are NOT released on habeas claims. While the case against all detainee are not “air-tight” to a judicial standard, many of them are, and many detainees will be escorted back to their cells. The real damage here is how going forward we will fight the GWOT and the consequential problems that will undoubtedly come as a result of deciding to prosecute detainees versus protect them from engaging in terrorist activity.
I perhaps know more than most the exact nature of the problem that we are now facing as a result of shifting our focus from “protection” to “prosecution” of the detainees. However, this is something we will survive - the Republic will survive. Terrorist attacks can kill our people - they cannot end our nation.
The Republic could not survive a President deciding his will is the only will of the land. I would have to fundamentally oppose that.
Bryan, I thought this was a good post when you wrote it, but only now got around to responding. My response here threatened to become as long as a blog post though, so I went that route and wrote The Supreme Court and the Bush Administration’s Detainee Dilemma. It focusses explicitly on this piece, though I bring in another angle, of course.
Mark Stonemans last blog post..Commonplacing at http://clioandme.wordpress.com.